Portal Frame Structure
Portal Frame Structure
Large-Span,Cost-Effective Solutions for Industrial & Storage Spaces
The Portal Frame is the most mature and efficient light steel structure system in global industrial construction today. Utilizing high-strength H-section columns and tapered beams as the main load-bearing skeleton, combined with cold-formed thin-walled steel (C/Z purlins), S teel portal frame achieves an internal column-free clear span of up to 40-50 meters with extremely low dead weight. Whether for manufacturing workshops requiring frequent heavy material lifting or logistics centers maximizing cubic space, prefab metal buildings cuts construction time in half while ensuring ultimate wind/seismic safety , and significantly earlier production or rental monetization.
What This System Includes
H Columns · Box Columns · Steel CHS Column · Cruciform Columns · Lattice Column · H Beams · Crane Beams
Z Purlins · C Purlins · RHS Purlins · H Purlins · U-Channel Purlins · Anchor Bolts
High-Strength Bolts · Sag Rod · Steel Purlin Spacer Tube · Steel Column Bracing
Technical Specifications
| Item | Specification |
|---|---|
| Clear Span | Utilizing high-strength H-section columns and tapered beams as the main load-bearing skeleton, combined with cold-formed thin-walled steel (C/Z purlins), S teel portal frame achieves an internal column-free clear span of up to 40-50 meters with extremely low dead weight. |
| Design Codes | Shijie Heavy Industry’s engineering team is highly proficient in international design codes, including American Standard (AISC 360), European Standard (EN 1993), Australian Standard (AS 4100), and Chinese Standard (GB 50017). |
| Steel Grades | Q355B/C/D, ASTM A572 Gr.50, S355JR/J2 |
| Welding Standard | Welding is performed exclusively by AWS D1.1 or EN ISO 9606 certified welders using qualified Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS) supported by Procedure Qualification Records (PQR) per AWS D1.1 / ISO 15614. Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) and Flux-Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) dominate Complete Joint Penetration (CJP) and fillet welds. Heat input is strictly controlled, achieving weld quality levels conforming to ISO 5817 Quality Level B or AWS D1.1 standards. |
| Crane Capacity | H-section columns are factory-pre-welded with heavy-duty corbels to safely support 5t to 50t overhead cranes, meeting extreme lifting demands in heavy manufacturing. |
| Wind Resistance | By reinforcing secondary framing at roof edges and side walls, and upgrading high-strength bolt connections, the building can be customized to withstand extreme hurricanes up to 250 km/h . |
| Surface Preparation | Structural members undergo automated shot blasting to achieve SSPC-SP10 / NACE No. 2 / ISO 8501-1 Sa 2.5 cleanliness, with a surface profile (anchor depth) of 45–75μm. |
| Coating System | High-performance protective coatings are applied using airless spray technology in compliance with ISO 12944 (C3 to CX corrosive environments), featuring Inorganic/Organic Zinc-Rich Epoxy Primers, Epoxy Micaceous Iron Oxide Intermediate coats, and Polyurethane/Fluorocarbon Topcoats. Dry Film Thickness (DFT) is verified using calibrated magnetic gauges adhering strictly to the 90/10 rule. |
| Execution Class | EN 1090-2 EXC2 (cert. 2787-CPR-01627), AISC COSP |
| Lead Time | How long does it take from order placement to shipment for a 10,000 sqm heavy portal frame workshop? The standard cycle is typically 40 to 50 days . |
Advantages vs Engineering Considerations
| Advantages | Engineering Considerations |
|---|---|
| Maximized Clear SpansUtilizing high-strength H-section columns and tapered beams as the main load-bearing skeleton, combined with cold-formed thin-walled steel (C/Z purlins), S teel portal frame achieves an internal column-free clear span of up to 40-50 meters with extremely low dead weight. | To be confirmed |
| Material & Cost EfficiencyUtilizing high-strength H-section columns and tapered beams as the main load-bearing skeleton, combined with cold-formed thin-walled steel (C/Z purlins), S teel portal frame achieves an internal column-free clear span of up to 40-50 meters with extremely low dead weight. | To be confirmed |
| Rapid Bolted AssemblyOur portal frame system features 100% bolted connections . All cutting, drilling, and full-penetration welding are completed in our automated factory. Your on-site workers only need electric torque wrenches to perform a completely dry assembly like Lego— absolute zero on-site hot work . | To be confirmed |
| Design Flexibility & ExpansionHighly modular design allows for straightforward future expansion simply by adding longitudinal bays without disrupting operations. | To be confirmed |
Qualification Certificate
Your projects are protected by world-class standards. From CE (EN 1090) to ISO 9001, our qualifications are not just paper—they are the rigorous daily reality on our shop floor.
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Related Projects
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SynJect：Scale. Precision. Certainty.
SYNJECT delivers comprehensive steel structure solutions engineered for the global value chain. From investors seeking ROI to engineers demanding exact compliance, we transform complex blueprints into robust realities—on time and without friction.
From Blueprint to Site. Zero Friction.
Detailed Engineering
Utilizing advanced BIM platforms such as Tekla Structures, detailed 3D modeling and shop drawings are executed strictly in compliance with AISC 360 or Eurocode 3 (EN 1993). Connection designs are rigorously verified, with manufacturing drawings generated to ISO 2768-m tolerance standards. 100% clash detection with primary architectural and MEP systems is performed to ensure zero structural conflicts during field erection.
Nesting & Material Optimization
Intelligent nesting layouts are performed using advanced software like FastCAM/SigmaNEST in accordance with EN 10029 / ASTM A6 dimensional standards. Accounting for cutting kerf (2mm–5mm depending on plate thickness) and thermal contraction allowances, raw material utilization exceeds 92%. Offcuts are digitally barcode-tracked to ensure 100% mill test report (MTR) traceability.
Raw Material Incoming Inspection
All structural steel (Q355B/C/D, ASTM A572 Gr.50, S355JR/J2) must be accompanied by EN 10204 3.1 Mill Test Reports (MTR). Incoming quality control conducts 100% dimensional and visual inspections under ASTM A6 / EN 10029, verifying thickness tolerances (Class A/B) and internal lamination integrity via Ultrasonic Testing (UT) to ASTM A435. Chemical composition and mechanical properties are spot-verified by accredited 3rd-party labs.
CNC Cutting & Edge Preparation
Plate profiling and component cutting are executed via CNC oxy-fuel, high-definition plasma, and multi-kW fiber laser equipment. Cut surface quality strictly complies with EN ISO 9013 for perpendicularity and surface roughness ±2.5°, Range 3/4 tolerance). Multi-axis CNC beveling machines execute weld prep bevel angles within ±2.5° and root face dimensions within ±1.0 mm.
Primary Structural Welding
Welding is performed exclusively by AWS D1.1 or EN ISO 9606 certified welders using qualified Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS) supported by Procedure Qualification Records (PQR) per AWS D1.1 / ISO 15614. Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) and Flux-Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) dominate Complete Joint Penetration (CJP) and fillet welds. Heat input is strictly controlled, achieving weld quality levels conforming to ISO 5817 Quality Level B or AWS D1.1 standards.
Weld Distortion Straightening
Post-weld angular distortion, camber, and sweep are rectified using automated hydraulic flange straighteners and controlled thermal flame straightening. Heating temperatures for High-Strength Low-Alloy (HSLA) steels are strictly maintained between 600℃ - 650℃ (air-cooled, zero water quenching) to prevent microstructural degradation. Post-straightening straightness tolerances meet ±3 mm, conforming to EN 1090-2 Execution Class 2 (EXC2/EXC3) and AISC COSP standards.
Non-Destructive Testing (NDT)
NDT protocols are operated by ISO 9712 / ASNT Level II certified NDT personnel. 100% of critical Complete Joint Penetration (CJP) welds undergo Ultrasonic Testing (UT per ISO 17640 / ASTM E164) or Magnetic Particle Testing (MT per ISO 17638 / ASTM E709). Radiographic Testing (RT) is applied as requested for heavy sections. Weld acceptance conforms strictly to ISO 11666 Acceptance Level 1 or AWS D1.1 criteria.
Trial Assembly & Shop Alignment
Complex geometries, long-span trusses, and heavy framing undergo 1:1 physical trial assembly or high-precision 3D laser scanning virtual assembly per EN 1090-2 / AISC requirements. Bolt hole alignment is verified (≥ 95% free-pass rate for high-strength bolts), and critical dimensions (span, camber, 3D spatial alignment) are verified within tight tolerance limits (±2.0 mm) to eliminate site fitting risks.
Surface Preparation & Protective Coating
Structural members undergo automated shot blasting to achieve SSPC-SP10 / NACE No. 2 / ISO 8501-1 Sa 2.5 cleanliness, with a surface profile (anchor depth) of 45–75μm. High-performance protective coatings are applied using airless spray technology in compliance with ISO 12944 (C3 to CX corrosive environments), featuring Inorganic/Organic Zinc-Rich Epoxy Primers, Epoxy Micaceous Iron Oxide Intermediate coats, and Polyurethane/Fluorocarbon Topcoats. Dry Film Thickness (DFT) is verified using calibrated magnetic gauges adhering strictly to the 90/10 rule.
Final Quality Inspection & Certification
Final Quality Control (FQC) performs a comprehensive holistic audit, inspecting paint aesthetics (zero runs, pinholes, sagging), critical geometry, bolt hole pitches, and laser/stenciled component mark traceability. A complete Manufacturing Data Report (MDR)—comprising MTRs, NDT records, coating inspection logs, and Certificates of Conformance—is compiled to support CE Marking (DoP under EN 1090) and AISC final acceptance.
Export Packaging & Logistics Protection
Protective packaging is engineered for containerized (40HQ/OT/FR) and breakbulk ocean freight under heavy maritime transit conditions. Structural members are bundled on heavy-duty steel skids with high-tensile steel strapping. Machined connections and contact surfaces are wrapped with VCI anti-corrosion film, EPE foam padding, and heavy rubber cushions. All timber packing complies fully with ISPM 15 phytosanitary standards and IMO Cargo Stowage and Securing (CSS) rules.
Global Field Erection & Site Management
We deliver international site erection supervision and turnkey EPCM construction services adhering to OSHA 1926 safety protocols, AISC COSP, and EN 1090-2 erection standards. Field teams, led by multilingual HSE and QA/QC engineers, utilize high-precision total stations to maintain structural plumbness within H/1000$ (≤25mm max). High-Strength Structural Bolting is executed via calibrated Wrench or Turn-of-Nut methods with 100% torque audit documentation.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the estimated cost per square meter for a standard portal frame workshop?
The cost is not fixed; it heavily depends on your local maximum wind speed, snow load, and whether overhead cranes are equipped. Generally, the FOB price for the complete main and secondary steel framing ranges from $55 – $95 / sqm . By providing your dimensions and project location, our engineers will issue a precise BOM estimate within 24 hours.
Can your design drawings and structural calculations pass our national building authority's approval?
Absolutely. Our structural engineering team is proficient in mainstream international codes. We will provide complete English structural calculation reports with detailed load combinations and 3D models. Your local Professional Engineer (PE) can directly review, stamp, and submit these documents for government approval.
If the workshop needs a 20-ton overhead crane, can the steel structure withstand the long-term vibration?
Without a doubt. For industrial workshops equipped with heavy cranes, we perform specific anti-fatigue dynamic calculations for the H-section main columns and load-bearing corbels. We also add rigid bracing systems in the crane bays, ensuring structural stability even under 24/7 high-frequency operation.
My country frequently experiences typhoons/hurricanes. Is the wind resistance of the portal frame sufficient?
Sufficient. At the beginning of the design, we will request your local 50-year peak wind speed data. By reinforcing secondary framing at roof edges and side walls, and upgrading high-strength bolt connections, the building can be customized to withstand extreme hurricanes up to 250 km/h .
Do we need to hire highly-paid professional welders from overseas for on-site installation?
Not at all. Our portal frame system features 100% bolted connections . All cutting, drilling, and full-penetration welding are completed in our automated factory. Your on-site workers only need electric torque wrenches to perform a completely dry assembly like Lego— absolute zero on-site hot work .
The components are very long. Will the cross-border ocean freight be more expensive than the materials themselves?
We will never let you bear such pointless premiums. For ultra-long main beams exceeding 12 meters, we split them into two or three sections during the design phase. All components are precisely controlled to perfectly fit a 40HC container (internal length 11.8m) , eliminating the need for expensive Open Top (OT) containers or bulk/break-bulk vessels.
The workshop is very close to the sea. Will the steel rust after long-term exposure to high-salinity and humid air?
For such highly corrosive climates, we mandate an upgraded anti-corrosion system. The main steel frame undergoes Sa2.5 industrial shot blasting before leaving the factory to completely strip mill scale, followed by multi-layer heavy-duty epoxy zinc-rich paint (or full hot-dip galvanization). Secondary purlins will use high-strength galvanized coils with a zinc coat up to Z275.
How long does it take from order placement to shipment for a 10,000 sqm heavy portal frame workshop?
The standard cycle is typically 40 to 50 days . The timeline breakdown is as follows: within 1-2 weeks after signing the contract, we will output 3D models and shop drawings for your review and approval. Once drawings are frozen, raw material procurement, fully automated CNC fabrication, welding, and coating usually take 4-5 weeks to complete and load into containers.
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